First you must check the datasheet of the transistor in question and identify the values vbe vce and hfe. How to calculate the base current i b of a transistor.
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There are several ways to find the base current ib of a transistorand it all depends on what information is already known about the transistor.
Calculate base resistor npn transistor. The current gain beta hfe is a value you can find in the datasheet for the specific trans. I have a 12v led strip that draws 120ma and i want to control it with a bs2 and a npn transistor eg. A bipolar junction transistor is a solid state device in which the current flow between two terminals the collector and the emitter is controlled by the amount of current that flows through a third terminal the base.
Then the base voltage vbe of a npn transistor must be greater than this 07v otherwise the transistor will not conduct with the base current given as. Bjt transistor as a switch saturation calculator. Transistor base resistor calculator.
Ib is the base current vb is the base bias voltage vbe is the base emitter volt drop 07v and rb is the base input resistor. Here the example numbers shown are for the bjt bc548. 2n2222 how do you calculate the value for the resistor between the transistor base and the bs2 pin.
An npn transistor requires a positive voltage at the base junction to switch on and control a load rl such as a low voltage relay with a known resistance value. The base current ib of a transistor is a crucial current of a bipolar junction transistorwithout this base current the transistor cant turn on. These values are responsible for enabling transistor saturation.
Here is a calculator for transistor base resistor values. Calculate the current you need to pass through the transistor when its on that is your collector current. Its important that you read the following.
The following calculators will compute all of the bias values of the transistor circuit given the supply voltage and the base voltage and all of the resistor values. The beta and vd transistor parameters can be measured or gathered from a data sheet. The load will be connected between the collector and 12v and the emitter will be connected to gnd.
In these types of switching applications we require it to behave as a switch and conduct fully in the saturation region. A bipolar junction transistor can be used for analog circuits especially for very high frequency applications such as radio.
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